Woodworker's Journal 1985-9-3, страница 19

shelves to the case shown in Fig. IB, we would find that by using boards with the grain running at right angles

to the case sides, the shelves would shrink or expand at about the same rate as the sides (Fig. 2). This assumes that the same species of wood has been used throughout and that all boards were originally seasoned to a similar moisture content.

There are two important elements to consider when adding shelves: the dadoes, and the manner in which the shelves are fastened in the dadoes. The key to good construction is to cut accurate, tight fitting dadoes. Because of the end grain situation, glue is not an effective method of fastening the shelves. If fasteners must be used, they should have a bit of flexibility in either direction. One of the simplest and most practical ways to fasten shelves is to drive several thin finishing nails into pilot holes drilled diagonally up through the shelves and into the case sides (Fig. 3).

Of course, most of the above problems can be overcome by using plywood for case construction. Compared to solid lumber, plywood shrinks and expands very little and, while it's not generally suitable for the reproduction of antiques, it's quite appropriate for contemporary pieces. If you use plywood, do not mix it with wide pieces of

solid lumber as the very different rates of expansion will cause problems.

Early European woodworking techniques were somewhat primitive and cabinet doors often consisted merely of a single wide slab of wood hinged between two wide stiles (Fig. 4). Since dwellings didn't have the very dry air associated with modern heating systems, it's probable that this type of construction wasn't quite as troublesome as we might think. But there's no doubt that during prolonged rainy periods, the door would expand in width and jam tightly between the equally swollen stiles.

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As mentioned earlier, a narrow board will shrink less than a wide board. If we redesigned the primitive 15th Century cabinet and gave it narrow stiles and a door made up of a panel in a frame of narrow stiles and rails, we would have a much more stable and attractive design (Fig. 5).

This is frame and panel construction and it is a great problem solver, not only for doors, but also for the sides of cases in both traditional and contemporary furniture.

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